اولین همایش بین المللی تحول خدمات سلامت: تلفیق مراقبت، درمان، بازتوانی و امیدبخشی

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کد مقاله 1708

عنوان Gastrointestinal Diseases in Religious Mass Gatherings: A Scoping Review

نویسندگان Erfan Yousefzadeh - Mohsen Nouri - Mahdiyeh Mohammadi Shahraji - Kovsar Alipoor - Yasaman Fallah - Fatemeh Torabi Bagh Abrishami - Mahsa Ghojavand

چکیده Background: Mass religious gatherings bring together millions of people in crowded, hygienically limited environments. These conditions may be associated with gastrointestinal disorders in pilgrimages. This study was conducted to review the existing literature on gastrointestinal health issues in mass religious gatherings. Method: A scoping review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus from 2000 to 2026. The included studies were published in English and examined mass religious gatherings such as Hajj, Arbaeen, and Kumbh Mela, and the gastrointestinal diseases present at these events. Exclusion criteria were studies on non-religious mass gatherings, review articles, editorials, commentaries, letters, conference abstracts, and studies lacking a specified research methodology. Of the retrieved records, 6 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included. Finally, a qualitative analysis of the included articles was performed. Finding: Most of the studies conducted were related to Arbaeen. The gastrointestinal disorders studied were classified into three categories: (1) Foodborne disease and food poisoning outbreaks, (2) infectious diarrhea caused by enteric pathogens, primarily bacterial agents such as pathogenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Shigella, and (3) cholera and acute watery diarrhea, which were studied through syndromic surveillance. The main risk factors were contaminated food and water, poor hand hygiene, inadequate sanitation, and low health literacy. Conclusion: Gastrointestinal diseases, especially food- and waterborne infections, are a recurrent threat at religious mass gatherings. Planning for every such event should include safe food and water, sanitation, hygiene education, and syndromic surveillance.

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