سامانه همایش های دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نجف آباد

صفحه اصلی / اولین همایش بین المللی تحول خدمات سلامت: تلفیق مراقبت، درمان، بازتوانی و امیدبخشی

Assessment of Immune Response Patterns to Common Vaccines (Pneumococcal, Zoster, COVID-19) in Older Adults and Proposals for Enhancing Immunogenicity

نویسندگان :

Razie Kamali Dolatabadi¹

1- دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نجف آباد

کلمات کلیدی :

Aged،Immunosenescence،chronic inflammation،vaccine efficacy،personalized vaccination

چکیده :

Background: Immunosenescence and inflammaging in older adults lead to diminished vaccine responses compared to younger populations. These phenomena, characterized by reduced naïve T-cell output, altered CD4/CD8 ratios, and elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6, TNF-α), significantly reduce vaccine efficacy against common infections including pneumococcal, zoster, and COVID-19 pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate immune response patterns and propose strategies to enhance immunogenicity in older adults. Method: Methods included a systematic review and meta-analysis of phase II/III clinical trials (2022-2025) retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Inclusion criteria were: age ≥65 years, quantification of neutralizing antibodies and/or cellular immunity (CD4+/CD8+), and reporting of clinical efficacy. Finding: Findings demonstrated that increased vaccine dosage (e.g., high-dose influenza vaccine), use of novel adjuvants (AS01B in Shingrix®), and mRNA platforms (Comirnaty®, Spikevax®) significantly enhanced antibody titers and effector T-cell counts. Moreover, tailoring vaccination schedules to individual immune status including baseline antibody levels, viral burden, and immunosuppressive medications improved efficacy by up to 35%. However, a one-size-fits-all approach remains inadequate for this population. Discussion and Conclusion: Personalized vaccination based on age, immune profile, comorbidities, and concomitant medications is now a clinical imperative. Large-scale longitudinal studies in Iranian cohorts are needed to optimize local vaccination strategies. Ultimately, next-generation vaccine formulations can bridge the immunity gap between older and younger