سامانه همایش های دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نجف آباد

صفحه اصلی / اولین همایش بین المللی تحول خدمات سلامت: تلفیق مراقبت، درمان، بازتوانی و امیدبخشی

Marine-Derived Biopolymers for Bone and Cartilage Regeneration: From Ocean Waste to Smart Scaffolds

نویسندگان :

Reyhaneh Sajed¹ Mehdi Dadashpour²

1- دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سمنان 2- دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سمنان

کلمات کلیدی :

Biocompatible Materials،Bone Regeneration،Cartilage Articular،Chitosan،Polysaccharides،Tissue Scaffolds،Tissue Engineering

چکیده :

Background: The repair of critical-sized bone and cartilage defects remains a significant clinical challenge due to limited self-regenerative capacity. Current treatments like autografts and allografts are limited by donor site morbidity, insufficient tissue availability, and immune rejection risk(1, 2). Marine-derived biopolymers have emerged as promising alternatives due to their structural similarity to human extracellular matrix (ECM), intrinsic biocompatibility, and inherent bioactivity(3, 4). Unlike synthetic polymers, marine polysaccharides and proteins offer sustainable sourcing from fishery and aquaculture waste streams, aligning with circular bioeconomy principles(5). Method: This review synthesizes current literature on extraction, characterization, and application of marine-derived biopolymers for bone and cartilage tissue engineering. A systematic search of PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science was conducted using keywords related to marine biomaterials, scaffolds, and regeneration. Studies were included if they investigated fabrication, physicochemical properties, and in vitro or in vivo performance of marine biopolymer-based scaffolds(1, 5). Finding: Marine-derived biopolymers demonstrate exceptional potential. Chitosan supports osteoblast proliferation and exhibits antibacterial activity(1, 2). Alginate and fucoidan promote chondrogenic differentiation(4, 5). Mineralized chitin nanocrystals improve mechanical and osteoinductive properties(3). Tricomposite scaffolds show >90% porosity and enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity(4). Chitosan-alginate-fucoidan scaffolds demonstrate haemolysis rates below 1.1% and porosity exceeding 85%(5). Bioactive agents like BMP-2, VEGF, and PDGF enhance osteogenesis and angiogenesis(1). Conclusion: Marine-derived biopolymers represent a sustainable and versatile resource for bone and cartilage tissue engineering. Their ECM-mimetic properties and inherent bioactivity position them as promising alternatives. Functionalization strategies using growth factors and bioactive peptides enhance osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and matrix mineralization. Future research should prioritize standardization of extraction and fabrication processes, comprehensive in vivo validation, and exploration of smart, stimuli-responsive scaffolds(1, 5).